Summary 

In study of viticulture is one of the main sources of material strength of Georgian people. According to the vineyards, Georgia was in the 5th place among the former Soviet republics and its area was 146 thousand hectares. In Georgia, 10-14% of former Soviet Union vineyards were planted and 9-10% of grapes were produced

There are now about 4 thousand grape varieties in the world, including 500 Georgians. In the standard assortment of Georgia, there were 41 varieties, 27 of which were 27 types of wine. 96-97% of the crop obtained from the whole area was used for processing and 34% − tables. In Georgia, local varieties of wine vines are more common: Rkatsiteli - 55%, Tsolikauri - 10,2%, Chinuri - 7%, Saperavi - 4%, Kakheti Green - 3.3%, Goruli Green - 2.1%. The rest of the varieties are grown on small areas. However, the development of local unique varieties does not prohibite, but is scientifically justified, to use new varieties, even from abroad, which will be good for Georgian conditions. It will create a variety of diverse and hybrid space and new opportunities for intensive development of production.

In the 1970s the total area of ​​vineyards in all categories of farm in Georgia amounted to 115.1 thousand hectare, including the age of the fetus − 93,3 t. hectare. The total harvest of grapes was 579 thousand, tonnes and yield of 61.4 centner per hectare.

Kakheti was always in the first place with vineyards and grapes in Georgia. Here, 44% of the country's vineyards were cultivated, Imereti was on the second place − 14-26%, Kartli − 14-15%. It is a pity that the peasants started cutting the vineyards. The couse is the problem of acquisition  of chemicals for grape which led to the decrease in the viticulture field. It should also be noted that most of the vineyards are sporadic, elderly and characterized by high levels of dryness, which negatively impact on fertility and harvest. Nowadays it is difficult to say how many areas of vineyards are owned by these regions. In the last years, proper accounting has not been implemented.

Unique varieties of shrubs have sharply declined in the last 15 years, this is due to their sensitivity to the environment, and most importantly, to small yields. In agriculture, innovation systems are implemented using clone selection to increase grape yield. In this line, large works are being conducted at the Innovative Scientific-Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Winemaking.

Innovative measures are being carried out to accelerate up to 25 clones of unique vineyards, which are 20-25 percent more than the usual yield of the same breed. This event will improve the existing variant of the vine.

Together with the improvement of the innovative structure of the plant varieties, great attention should be given to the growth of the table variety vineyards. It should be noted that not every zone is suitable for table varieties. To this end we need to create viticulture and winemaking cadasters, providing a raw material for the production of a variety of wine; In addition, it will sistematize the potentiality of grapes or grape juice production. According to specialists, there are many regions in Georgia that can freely produce high quality grape. These are: Gardabani, Marneuli and Bolnisi regions.

In Western Georgia, the production of table grapes can be given  Imereti Vake, Guria-Samegrelo and Adjara lowlands, plains or slopes that are unusable for tea and citrus. The best conditions for producing table grapes are in Abkhazia, Ochamchire, Sukhumi, Gudauta and Gagra districts.

One of the main directions of the development of wine industry in the republic is to produce fine wines. The main mixture that limits the production of high quality fine wines in Georgia is the lack of cellar wines, as well as the lack of technological capacities intended for the purpose of olding wines. Because of this, a significant part of the fine wine material is transferred to the ordinary. For instance, in 1982, 50% of the branded fine wines selected for this reason were not aged. One of the most important challenges for high quality winemaking of Georgia is the improvement of the technical base, especially the technological capacities structure. Tar dish must be increased at a faster pace the end product of which is of great demand, not only in the country but also in many foreign countries (attractive countries for Georgian wines are Belgium, Ukraine and Bulgaria).

Recently, the tendency of growing demand for wines traditionally produced by peasants, especially from foreign tourists, is observed. Consequently, the government should take effective steps together with financial organizations to take care of the development of wine-making farmers. We consider the urgent issue of agricultural products, particularly the issue of viticulture development insurance. Intensive development of Georgian winemaking is mainly limited by wine technological capacities. In our opinion, it is advisable to open up the sealalized innovative institution for studying qvevri, oak tar - dish, as well as enamel cisterns. The kvevri is irreplaceable for the production of Kakhetian and Imeretian branded wines. Ferro-concrete reservoirs, steel, iron and aluminum cisterns of the rest capacity - are unmatched for the production of fine wines, and generally, they are worsening the quality of Georgian table wines, but their value is much less compared to the value of oak tar, qvevri and steel magnets. Recently demand for qvevri in traditional countries of winemaking increased, which indicates great recognition of Georgian traditional winemaking.